ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Vibrio vulnificus (Vv) is an estuarine bacterium that can cause primary septicemia as well as serious wound infections. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which Vv infects dendritic cells (DCs) and its effects on cytoskeleton. In this study, we aimed to investigate the invasion, internalization, and the organelles damage of the cultured dendritic cells (a DC 2.4 strain) during Vv infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study model was the cultured DCs infected by a Vv 1.758 strain. Electron microscopy was used to observe the localization of bacteria at the different time points of infection, cell morphology, and the process of organelles changes. The cytoskeleton structure including the microfilaments and the microtubules rearrangement was examined under a fluorescence microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Vv were pinocytosised into the DC cells through double-sides, and localized at 1 - 2 mm of the inner side membrane. It took 1.3, 1.9, and 3.4 hours to reach the infection ratio of 25%, 50%, and 75%, respectively. Using electron microscopy, the DCs had been observed to have developed chromatin aggregation within 4.0 hours, and significant cytoskeleton structure disruption was noted within 6.0 hours.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The high lethality of Vv infection may be associated with the direct disruption of the DCs cytoskeleton structure.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Apoptosis , Physiology , Cells, Cultured , Cytoskeleton , Metabolism , DNA Fragmentation , Dendritic Cells , Metabolism , Microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Vibrio Infections , Metabolism , Vibrio vulnificus , VirulenceABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of the CD4+ cell counts and HBeAg with liver damage and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To measure the lymphocytes both CD4 and HLA-DR positive of 58 patients with CHB and 18 patients with HBsAg negative but HBcAb positive. The Platelets (PLT) were counted and the ALT and AST were measured, meanwhile, AST/PLT values were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CD4+ cell counts of the three types patients were lower than those of healthy controls significantly,and those of HBcAb positive patients without CHB were higher than those of HBeAg negative patients with CHB which were higher than those of HBeAg positive patients significantly (P < 0.05). And the ALT, AST and AST/PLT levels of both HBeAg negative and positive patients were much higher than the three indicators of both HBcAb positive patients without CHB and healthy controls significantly (P < 0.02), meanwhile, the three indicators of HBeAg negative patients were much lower than those of HBeAg positive ones. In addition, the CD4+ cell counts of the two types patients were negatively correlative with the three indicators(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decreased CD4+ cell count can be used as the indicator to predicate the progress of liver damage in patients with CHB, and it is also useful for HBeAg to evaluate the development degree of liver damage and fibrosis in CHB patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alanine Transaminase , Metabolism , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Metabolism , Flow Cytometry , Hepatitis B e Antigens , Metabolism , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Liver Cirrhosis , Allergy and Immunology , Liver Diseases , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To estimate the uncertainty of measurement in detecting of hepatitis B virus DNA(HBV DNA)by method of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR),and discuss the application value.Methods The process of the detection of HBV DNA by FQ-PCR was analysed to confirm and simplify the sources of uncertainties of measurement,which were obtained by disposing the data of methodology validation,internal quality control(type A evaluation of uncertainty)and external quality assessment(type B evaluation of uncertainty);combined uncertainty and expanded uncertainty were obtained by statistical methods.Results The main sources of uncertainties of measurement were:precision within laboratory,precision between laboratory,method bias.The expanded uncertainty of HBV DNA by FQ-PCR was U=0.62(k=1.96,n=2).The uncertainty caused by method bias was found mostly.Conclusion Expanded uncertainty can be compared in different results of HBV DNA by FQ-PCR,and it provides guide significance for observing the cure effect of anti-HBV and choosing the concentration of quality control.